| Phosphate soil surplus per ha - Derogation farms |
Phosphate soil surplus increased in 2020
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07/09/2023
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In 2020, the phosphate soil surplus was on average 8 kg/ha on farms in the derogation monitoring network. In 2019 this was slightly lower with 5 kg/ha, but higher in 2018 with 16 kg/ha. In the previous two years, the phosphate soil surplus fluctuated around 0 kg/ha, so that the phosphate fertilisation per hectare was approximately equal to the phosphate extraction via crop production, or equilibrium fertilisation.
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Increased phosphate soil surplus in 2020
An average phosphate soil surplus of 8 kg/ha was achieved in 2020, 3 kg/ha more than in 2019. Over the entire 2006-2020 period, the phosphate soil surplus shows a declining trend. In 2014, the average phosphate output per hectare on farms in the derogation monitoring network was for the first time greater than the average phosphate input, so that the phosphate soil surplus was negative (-6 kg/ha) and so phosphate, net, was extracted from the soil. In 2016 and 2017, the average phosphate soil surplus was just below the equilibrium fertilisation level with values of -2 and -1 kg/ha respectively. In 2018, the phosphate surplus increased to 16 kg/ha as a result of dry weather conditions, which meant that more feed had to be purchased and there was less stockpiling of roughage. The spread in the phosphate soil surplus per hectare was large for all years. In 2020, the 25% farms with the lowest soil surpluses had a surplus of less than -4 kg/ha, while the 25% farms with the highest surpluses had a surplus of more than 22 kg/ha.
The phosphate soil surplus was highest in 2020 in the Sand-250 region with an average of 11 kg/ha, followed by the Peat region with 10 kg/ha, the Sand-230 region with 9 kg/ha, the Loess region with 7 kg/ha and the Clay region with 6 kg/ha.
Feed largest phosphate output item, supply phosphate fertiliser to 0
Over the entire period 2006-2020 there is an increasing trend in the total phosphate output to farms in the derogation monitoring network. In all years, the phosphate output consisted largely of output via feed. In 2020, it was on average 73 kg/ha. The contribution of fertilisers, organic manure, animals and plant products to the total phosphate output was small, with a total of more than 7 kg/ha in 2020. The total phosphate output amounted to 80 kg/ha in 2020, more than 5 kg/ha more compared to 2019. This increase is largely the result of more phosphate output via feed. The total output of phosphate in 2020 was highest in the Sand-230 region with 100 kg/ha. The output in the other regions varied from 70 to 73 kg/ha.
The use of phosphate fertilisers has decreased to 0 kg/ha. In 2006, an average of 11 kg of phosphate fertiliser was used per hectare, in 2009 this had decreased to 3 kg/ha and since 2015 this has been 0 kg/ha. By tightening the phosphate application standards, the farms in the derogation monitoring network have increasingly opted to fill the phosphate application capacity with animal manure. As of 2014, the use of fertiliser phosphate is no longer permitted on derogation farms. 2014 was a transition year in which use was still possible under certain conditions.
Phosphate output almost the same in the last 3 years
Phosphate output takes place in the form of animal products, organic manure, animals and plant products. Over the entire period 2006-2020 there is an increasing trend in the total phosphate output from farms in the derogation monitoring network. Especially in the years 2014 to 2016, the total phosphate output at 80 to 81 kg/ha for all farms in the derogation monitoring network was high compared to most other years. In 2018, the total phosphate output decreased to 69 kg/ha and remained approximately at that level in 2019 and 2020 with 70 and 71 kg/ha respectively. This decrease was mainly the result of less organic fertiliser output and less output via plant products.
In the Sand-230 region, the total phosphate output in 2020 was by far the highest at 91 kg/ha. This was followed by the Loess region with 67 kg/ha, the Clay region with 64 kg/ha and the Peat region with 63 kg/ha. In the Sand-250 region, the total phosphate output in 2020 was the lowest at 59 kg/ha.
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